Prevalence Of Nasal Carriage Of Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Among Pupils Of Compassion Home Nur/Pri School, Ahiaeke Ndume, Umuahia

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was assessed among pupils of Compassion Home Nursery/Primary School AhiaekeNdume, Umuahia. Nasal swabs were collected from 35 males and 15 females. The swabs were cultured on Manitol Salt Agar (MSA). After isolation, 45 samples yielded bacteria growth and 39 of the isolates were identified as Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotic sensitivity of the isolate was done using Kirby bauer disc of diffusion with Abek multi disc antibiotic susceptibility containing 8 antibiotic disc. 32 (82.06%) of the isolates were resistant to Cloxacillin which is a methicillin antibiotics. The isolates were mostly sensitive to Gentamycin and Streptomycin with 35 (87.74%) and 39 (94.87%) sensitive to Gentamycin and Streptomycin respectively. The prevalence of Methicillin resistance among the isolates was 32 (82.06%) this is very high level of Methicillin resistance to Staphylococcus aureusin the environment and suggests the need for constant monitoring to avoid possible future epidemic of MRSA.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page                                                                            ﾿                          i

Certification                                                                          ﾿                         ii

Dedication                                                                          ﾿                        iii

Acknowledgement                                                                    ﾿                  iv

Table of contents                                                                                      ﾿      v

List of tables                                                                                            ﾿      vi

Abstract                                                                                      ﾿                  vii

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION ﾿          1

1.2 Aim of study                                    ﾿                            3

1.3 Objectives of study                                                  ﾿          3

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ﾿         4

2.1 General concept ﾿         4

2.2 Methicilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus  ﾿         5

2.3 Antimicrobial chemotherapy ﾿         6

2.3.1 Antibiotic resistance and sensitivity            ﾿         8

2.4 Causes of antimicrobial resistance                                    ﾿                    9

2.4.1 Treatment                                                                                                                             11

2.4.2Mechanism of action of methicillin          ﾿       11

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 Materials and methods ﾿       ﾿       12

3.1 Ethical consideration ﾿       ﾿       12

3.2 Sample collection ﾿       12

3.3 Media preparation                                                                                  ﾿        12

3.4Isolation of Staphylococcus aureus ﾿        12

3.5Confirmation test for Staphlococcusaureus ﾿        13

3.6 Standardization of test isolates                                                              ﾿         ﾿        14

3.7 Antimicrobial susceptibility test                                                          ﾿        14

3.7.1 Examination and measurement of zone of inhibition                          ﾿        14

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 RESULT ﾿        15

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 DISCUSSION ﾿        19

5.2 Conclusion                                                                                              ﾿        19

5.3 Recommendation                                                                                ﾿        20

References                                                                                                  ﾿        21